下游柔性立管的尾流致振频域预报方法
Frequency‑domain prediction method for wake‑induced vibrations of a downstream flexible riser
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摘要: 立管集束系统是海洋工程中重要的油气开采装备,在洋流作用下串列布置的上、下游立管分别发生涡激振动和尾流致振响应,严重威胁结构疲劳寿命。为了预报下游柔性立管的振动响应,在传统单立管涡激振动预报方法的基础上发展了尾流致振半经验频域预报方法。考虑上游立管对下游立管的尾流遮蔽效应,以折减的尾流流速作为下游立管的激振流速;并将上、下游立管直径比作为频率捕获的发生判据,下游立管附加质量系数在频率捕获发生时进行调整,否则恒为1;进而以共振条件作为预报基准,采用刚性圆柱强迫振荡试验获得的激励系数近似尾流激振载荷系数,利用模态结构阻尼力与模态水动力幅值平衡无迭代求解激发模态幅值,进而基于模态叠加法计算尾流致振位移。通过对比预报结果与试验结果可知,所提方法基本能够准确预报下游柔性立管尾流致振的主导频率、位移、应变幅值和疲劳损伤。Abstract: The riser bundle system is an important equipment to explore oil and gas in ocean engineering. Under ocean flows, upstream and downstream risers in tandem will experience vortex‑induced vibrations and wake‑induced vibrations, respectively, which seriously threatens the structural fatigue life. To predict the vibration responses of a downstream flexible riser, this paper develops a semi‑empirical frequency‑domain prediction method for wake‑induced vibrations based on the classical vortex‑induced vibration prediction method of a single flexible riser. Considering the wake shielding effect on the downstream riser due to the existence of the upstream riser, the reductive wake velocity becomes the flow velocity to excite the vibrations of the downstream riser. Then, the upstream‑to‑downstream diameter ratio is utilized to determine whether the frequency capture occurs. The added mass coefficient of the downstream riser will be adjusted when the frequency capture occurs, otherwise it is 1 constantly. Subsequently, the prediction is based on the resonance condition. The excitation coefficients from a series of forced oscillation tests of a rigid cylinder are approximate to be the wake‑induced force coefficients. According to the balance between the modal structural damping force and the modal hydrodynamic force amplitudes, the modal amplitude can be non‑iteratively solved. Afterwards, the wake‑induced vibration displacements can be calculated based on the mode superposition method. By comparing prediction results with the experimental results, the proposed method can basically correctly predict the dominant frequency, displacement, strain and fatigue damage of the wake‑induced vibration for the downstream flexible riser. Therefore, the present method is conducive to the multiple‑riser system design in practical engineering.