时域掩蔽效应对人体振动舒适性影响的试验研究
Experimental study on temporal masking effect of human vibration comfort
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摘要: 人体对一种刺激的感知可能会因另一种刺激的出现而产生变化,这就导致相继作用于人体的振动之间可能存在掩蔽效应,掩蔽效应是否显著与诸多影响因素有关。本研究设计并开展了坐姿人体振动试验,探究人体承受振动过程中时域掩蔽效应的影响因素对振动舒适性的影响。设计变量包括:掩蔽振动的强度(3个水平)、振动间隔(4个水平)以及掩蔽顺序(前向和后向)。试验结果表明:在承受全身振动时,这些因素确实对总体舒适性产生影响;从前向掩蔽和后向掩蔽的作用效果看,后向掩蔽导致的人体振动不舒适感更强;随着振动时间间隔的增加和掩蔽信号强度的下降,掩蔽效应对人体不舒适感的影响逐渐减弱。可以发现,在频域计权外,振动幅值的时域特征也对人体振动不舒适感评价产生不可忽视的影响,基于客观指标的舒适性预测应当考虑更多影响因素。Abstract: The human body’s perception of one stimulus may change due to the occurrence of another stimulus, which leads to the possibility of a masking effect between vibrations that successively act on the human body. Whether the masking effect is significant or not is related to many factors. This study designed and carried out a seated human vibration experiment to explore the impact of time-domain masking effects on vibration comfort of the seated human body. Designed variables include: intensity of masking signals (3 levels), vibration interval (4 levels), and masking sequence (forward and backward). The experimental results show that these factors do have an impact on the overall comfort when subjected to whole-body vibration; comparing the effects of forward masking tests and backward masking tests, the discomfort caused by backward masking tests is stronger; with the increase of vibration time interval and the decrease of the masking signal strength, the influence of the masking effect on human body discomfort gradually weakens. It can be found that in addition to frequency domain weighting, the time domain characteristics of vibration amplitude also have a non-negligible impact on the evaluation of human vibration discomfort. Comfort prediction based on objective responses should consider the influence of more factors.
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