融合体压分布的坐姿人体生物力学载荷分析

Biomechanical load analysis of seated human body incorporating body pressure distribution

  • 摘要: 为探寻坐姿体压分布与生物力学载荷之间的关联性,以体压信息为指导,提出了一种人体生物力学建模人‑椅接触面的设置方案。将人体与座椅之间的接触通过一定数量接触点进行模拟,基于体压分布试验数据,将体压云图各分区平均压力的相对大小作为相对接触强度。通过对比发现,平均接触强度设置为200~600之间,能够提高求解精度并兼顾真实的肌肉激活效果。同时对不同数量接触点的方案进行了讨论,综合来看,选择设置8个接触点较为合理。经过与文献中的试验测量数据进行对比分析,表明基于体压分布设置人椅生物力学模型的接触方案能准确反映肌肉激活度、关节力等生物力学指标。基于接触方案设置比较了硬木板和泡沫坐垫下的肌肉激活度和关节力,从生物力学的角度解释了泡沫座椅更舒适的原因。

     

    Abstract: In order to explore the correlation between seated body pressure distribution and biomechanical loading, a setup scheme for the human-chair contact surface for human biomechanical modelling is proposed using body pressure information as a guide. The contact between the human body and the seat is simulated by a certain number of contact points, and based on the experimental body pressure distribution data, the relative contact strength is set as the relative magnitude of the average pressure in each partition of the body pressure cloud map. Through comparison, it is discovered that the average contact strength is set between 200~600, which can improve the solution accuracy and take into account the real muscle activation effect. At the same time, the scheme of different numbers of contact points was discussed, and it is more reasonable to choose to set 8 contact points in a comprehensive view. After comparing with the experimental data in the literature, it is shown that the contact scheme based on the body pressure distribution of the human chair biomechanical model can accurately reflect the muscle activation, joint force and other biomechanical indicators. Muscle activation and joint forces under hardwood planks and foam cushions were compared based on a contact scenario setup, explaining the reasons for more comfortable foam seating from a biomechanical point of view.

     

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