风浪联合作用下驳船型海上浮式风机的非线性耦合模型与TMD振动控制研究

Nonlinear coupled model and TMD vibration control of barge-type floating offshore wind turbine under combined wind and wave action

  • 摘要: 海上浮式风机是捕获深远海风能的重要装置,是风能开发的主要研究方向之一。驳船型风机多采用二维低阶简化动力 学模型和非线性最小二乘参数识别方法,建立高阶耦合动力模型能更准确地反映其动力特性。本文关注驳船型海上浮式风机 的多体系统,建立风浪联合作用下的16自由度耦合动力学模型,通过数值仿真验证模型的准确性。其中,利用修正的叶素动 量理论计算叶片气动荷载,利用线性势流理论计算波浪荷载,采用准静态法计算系泊张力。此外,为减小驳船型海上浮式风机 的结构振动,在考虑发电机转矩控制和叶片集体变桨控制的基础上,提出将双向碰撞调谐质量阻尼器置于机舱中,并引入限位 装置控制振子行程。随后,通过穷举法和遗传算法进行控制参数优化。仿真分析表明,本文所建模型可准确计算驳船型海上 浮式风机的动力响应;双向碰撞调谐质量阻尼器对结构振动有较好的控制效果。

     

    Abstract: Capable of capturing offshore wind energy, the floating wind turbine is one of the primary research interests for research ers in the wind energy community. Researchers usually adopt two-dimensional low-degree-of-freedom simplified planar models for offshore barge-type wind turbines, where the model parameters are identified by the nonlinear least square method. In this case, the accuracy of these models depends highly on parameter fitting. Given the unique structure of offshore floating wind turbines and the surrounding environment, a multi-degree-of-freedom coupled dynamical model is necessary to yield more realistic dynamic be haviors. In this paper, we present a coupled dynamic model with 16 degrees of freedom for the multi-body system of barge-type off shore floating wind turbines under the combined action of wind and waves. The model accuracy is verified through numerical simu lation using OpenFAST, developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). In particular, the modified Blade El ement Momentum theory is used to calculate the blade aerodynamic load, the linear potential flow theory is used to determine the wave load, and the quasi-static method is used to obtain the tension of the mooring systems. Besides the generator torque control and blade pitch control, a bi-directional tuned mass damper (TMD) is placed in the nacelle to mitigate the structural vibration of the floating wind turbine of the barge?type, where a limiting device is introduced to limit the TMD stroke. Subsequently, the con trol parameters are optimized by the method of exhaustion and the genetic algorithm. The simulation analyses show that the model proposed in this paper accurately alculates yields the dynamic response of the barge-type offshore floating wind turbine. The bi-di rectional TMD with collision mechanism is efficient in mitigating the structural response.

     

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