切角措施对串列方柱气动性能影响的大涡模拟研究
Study of the corner cutting effect on the aerodynamic performance of two tandem square cylinders by LES
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摘要: 串列双方柱的干扰效应受方柱气动外形的影响显著,方柱角部形状的变化将导致周边流场的改变,进而影响上、下游方 柱的气动性能,串列双方柱的风荷载干扰效应相关影响及机理还有待进一步研究。本文采用基于空间平均的大涡模拟方法, 以亚临界间距比和超临界间距比的串列方柱为对象,分别对上、下游方柱考虑有、无切角(切角率均为10%)两种情况,研究两 类典型间距比下不同切角措施对串列方柱风荷载的影响及其机理。将标准串列方柱风压系数与风洞试验结果对比,验证本文 模拟方法及参数设置的有效性;从气动力系数统计值及自谱、平均和脉动风压系数分布等角度,对比分析了两种典型间距比下 不同切角措施对串列双方柱气动性能的影响,着重从时均和瞬态流场角度进行机理分析。结果表明,两种典型间距比下,不同 位置的切角措施均会影响方柱周围流动分离,从而引起流态变化,其中上、下游方柱均采取切角措施,可以更有效地减弱方柱 的平均和脉动风荷载。Abstract: The aerodynamic interference between tandem square cylinders is strongly influenced by their geometric shape. The change of corner shape of square cylinders will lead to the change of flow field, which will affect the aerodynamic performance of square cylinders. The influence and mechanism of wind load interference effect of tandem square cylinders need to be further stud? ied.In this paper, the large eddy simulation method is used to investigate the impact and mechanism of corner cutting measures on the wind load of tandem square cylinders with subcritical spacing ratio and supercritical spacing ratio under two typical spacing ra? tios. The upstream and downstream cylinders are considered with or without corner cutting (the corner cutting rate is 10%). The wind pressure coefficient of standard tandem square cylinders is compared with the wind tunnel test results in literature to verify the effectiveness of the simulation method and parameter setting. effects of different corner cutting measures on the aerodynamic perfor? mance of tandem square cylinders under two typical spacing ratios are compared and analyzed from the perspectives of aerodynamic coefficient statistics and auto-spectrum, average and fluctuating wind pressure coefficient distribution. The mechanism analysis is carried out from the perspective of time-average and transient flow field.The results show that under the two typical spacing ratios, the corner cutting measures at different positions will affect the flow separation around the square cylinder, resulting in the change of flow pattern. The average and fluctuating wind loads of the square cylinder can be reduced more effectively by the corner cutting measures at both upstream and downstream square cylinders.Under the subcritical spacing, the shielding effect is significant, and the corner cutting measures change the separation and reattachment position of the separation vortex, and reduce the lift and drag of the downstream square cylinder significantly.