磁调节预紧式对合碟簧准零刚度隔离系统冲击特性研究

Shock characteristics of magnetic modulated preloaded opposed disc spring quasi-zero stiffness isolation system

  • 摘要: 针对传统限位隔离系统参数不匹配导致的二次冲击问题,提出了一种以预紧式对合碟簧作为负刚度组件,并采用互斥磁体进行非线性正刚度调节的磁调节预紧式对合碟簧准零刚度(MMPDQZS)隔离系统的力学模型,分析了系统的静力学特性;建立了MMPDQZS隔离系统的数学模型,分析了不同阻尼参数对MMPDQZS隔离系统隔冲性能的影响规律;通过仿真计算和试验研究对比分析了无限位、等效线性限位和MMPDQZS限位隔离系统的冲击特性,以及冲击激励幅值对系统抗冲击性能的影响规律。结果表明:对于任意初始间隙,均存在一个最优黏性阻尼比使系统缓冲系数最小,且初始间隙越小隔冲效果越好;综合不同初始间隙,幂律流体阻尼比为0.02,速度相关指数在2.2,2.3区间内获得最优缓冲系数,且间隙等于4 mm时为最佳初始间隙;对于任意初始间隙,系统缓冲系数与库伦阻尼呈正比,且初始间隙越小缓冲性能越好;与等效线性限位隔离系统相比,MMPDQZS隔离系统不仅能够有效限制相对位移,而且大幅降低了系统的缓冲系数,提高了抗冲击能力。

     

    Abstract: Aiming at the problem of secondary impact caused by mismatching parameters of traditional isolation system with displacement restrictor, firstly, a mechanical model of the quasi-zero stiffness (MMPDQZS) isolation system was established by using the opposed disc spring as the negative stiffness component and the repulsive permanent magnets was used to adjust the nonlinear positive stiffness. The static characteristics of the system were analyzed. Then, the mathematical model of MMPDQZS isolation system was established. The influence law of different damping parameters on the impact isolation performance of MMPDQZS isolation system was analyzed. The impact characteristics were compared and analyzed through simulation and experimental study for without and with equivalent linear displacement restrictors and MMPDQZS limiters. The results show that for any initial clearance, there is an optimal viscous damping ratio that minimizes the system’s buffer coefficient. Smaller initial clearances generally lead to better impact isolation effects. Considering different initial clearance, the damping ratio of power-law fluid damping is 0.02, the velocity correlation index obtains the optimal buffer coefficient within the interval 2.2, 2.3, and the optimal initial clearance is when the clearance is equal to 4 mm. For any initial clearance, the buffer coefficient is proportional to coulomb damping, and smaller initial clearances result in better buffering performance. Compared with the equivalent linear limit isolation system, MMPDQZS limit isolation system can not only effectively limit the relative displacement, but also greatly reduce the buffer coefficient of the system and improve its impact resistance.

     

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