考虑盘块多点接触的列车轴盘制动系统动力学建模及黏滑振动行为分析

Dynamic modeling and stick-slip vibration behavior analysis of train axle disc braking system considering disc multi-point contact

  • 摘要: 黏滑振动是高速列车制动系统服役过程中的一种典型摩擦诱发振动,其产生的剧烈振动将恶化制动界面摩擦、加剧制动结构失效风险,威胁制动安全。为揭示列车制动黏滑振动行为,建立了考虑盘片法向多点接触与切向复杂摩擦特性的制动系统多体动力学模型,该模型详细考虑了制动夹钳、制动闸片、吊架等核心部件及其装配关系,可更加准确地反映高速列车制动系统黏滑振动行为以及闸片等部件的动态响应。然后,通过与线路试验数据对比,验证了模型的正确性。基于此,研究不同衰减因子下制动盘转速、制动力与闸片悬挂刚度对制动系统黏滑振动行为的影响。结果表明,随着制动盘转速、制动力以及闸片悬挂刚度增加,闸片出现周期振动与混动振动交替的现象;当制动盘转速较低、制动力较大以及闸片悬挂刚度较小时,黏滑振动容易诱发制动系统共振,并且两者相互叠加影响;此外,摩擦衰减因子越大,分岔图混沌区域以及诱发共振的区域越小,制动系统越稳定。该研究成果可为高速列车制动系统黏滑振动行为研究及其抑制措施提供方法和思路。

     

    Abstract: Stick-slip vibration is a typical friction-induced vibration during the service of high-speed train braking system, and the intense vibration generated will deteriorate the friction of the braking interface, exacerbate the failure of the braking structure, and threaten the braking safety. To reveal the stick-slip vibration behavior of brake system, a multi-body dynamics model of braking system considering normal multi-point contact and tangential complex friction characteristics of discs is established. The model considers the assembly relationship between brake clamps, brake pads, hanger and other core components in detail, which can reflect the stick-slip vibration behavior of high-speed train brake system and the dynamic response of brake pads and other components more accurately. Then, the correctness of the model is verified by comparing with the experimental data of the track tests. Based on this, the effects of brake disc speed, braking force and brake disc suspension stiffness on the stick-slip vibration behavior of brake system under different decay factors are studied. The results show that with the increase of brake disc speed, braking force and brake pad suspension stiffness, brake pad vibration alternates between periodic vibration and hybrid vibration. When the brake disc speed is low, the braking force is large and the brake pad suspension stiffness is small, the stick-slip vibration will induce the brake system resonance, and the two are superimposed on each other. In addition, the larger the decay factor, the smaller the chaotic region of the bifurcation diagram as well as the region of induced resonance, and the more stable the braking system. The research results can provide a new idea for the research of stick-slip vibration behavior of high-speed train braking system.

     

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