翼尖连接结构刚度对翼尖可变无人机颤振特性影响研究

Influence of wingtip connection structure stiffness on flutter characteristics of wingtip morphing UAV

  • 摘要: 翼尖可变无人机可以根据不同飞行状态需求改变翼尖偏转角。而翼尖与主机翼连接结构的连接刚度(简称翼尖连接结构刚度)设计时,需要综合考虑不同翼尖偏转角情况下对翼尖可变无人机颤振特性的影响。本文采用准静态建模方法,建立不同翼尖连接结构刚度和翼尖偏转角下的翼尖可变无人机全机动力学有限元模型,引入翼尖连接结构无量纲连接刚度,研究翼尖连接结构刚度对翼尖可变无人机颤振特性的影响规律,为翼尖连接结构刚度设计提供参考。分析结果表明,当翼尖可变无人机的翼尖偏转角在30°范围内时,翼尖连接结构刚度的变化对无人机颤振速度的影响较小;当翼尖偏转角大于30°时,翼尖连接结构刚度的变化对无人机颤振特性的影响显著,且出现颤振速度增减转向、多阶梯突变的复杂变化情况。翼尖连接结构刚度选定时,随翼尖偏转角的增大,翼尖可变无人机颤振速度呈现先增大后减小的总体趋势;翼尖偏转角达到一定值后,颤振速度下降,颤振频率增大,颤振形式由体自由度颤振转变为弯扭耦合颤振。

     

    Abstract: Wingtip morphing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can change the wingtip cant angle according to different flight state requirements. When designing the connection stiffness of the wingtip and the main wing (referred to as the wingtip connection structure stiffness), it is necessary to comprehensively consider the influence of different wingtip cant angles on the flutter characteristics of the wingtip morphing UAV. In this paper, a quasi-static modeling method is adopted to establish the full aircraft dynamic finite element model of the wingtip morphing UAV under different wingtip connection structure stiffness and wingtip cant angles. The dimensionless wingtip connection structure stiffness is introduced to study the influence law of the wingtip connection structure stiffness on the flutter characteristics of the wingtip morphing UAV, providing a reference for the design of the wingtip connection structure stiffness. The analysis results show that when the wingtip cant angle of the wingtip morphing UAV is within 30°, the change of the wingtip connection structure stiffness has a small impact on the flutter speed of the wingtip morphing UAV; when the wingtip cant angle is greater than 30°, the change of the wingtip connection structure stiffness has a significant impact on the flutter characteristics of the UAV, and a complex change situation such as the increase and decrease of the flutter speed and multi-step sudden changes occurs. When selecting the wingtip connection structure stiffness, with the increase of the wingtip cant angle, the flutter speed of the wingtip morphing UAV shows an overall trend of first increasing and then decreasing; when the wingtip cant angle reaches a certain value, the flutter speed decreases, the flutter frequency increases, and the flutter form changes from body freedom flutter to bending-torsion coupling flutter.

     

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