三角形陀螺超材料扭转振动传播特性研究

Wave analysis of torsional vibration in triangular gyroscopic metamaterial

  • 摘要: 陀螺超材料中的陀螺结构通过施加恒定的转矩,类比量子自旋霍尔效应,打破时间反演对称性,使结构具有手性特征,从而具有新的波动特性。本文基于三角形周期离散结构,提出并研究了扭转振动在三角形陀螺超材料中的色散特性和波动特性。采用角动量定理建立结点处的动力学方程组,根据Bloch定理推导出角频率和波矢之间的色散关系,构建有限结构通过数值模拟计算传递率并对色散关系进行验证。结果表明,陀螺转矩的存在,使得色散曲面随转矩参数的增大逐渐分离,同时两色散面中出现带隙。结合不同角频率下的群速度、相速度和波传播图对三角形陀螺超材料进行波动分析。结果表明,结合群速度和相速度能很好地对实际结构中的波传播情况进行预测,同时根据波传播图分析得到上下色散面具有不同的传播特性,下色散面主要沿X型方向集中传播,上色散面朝各个方向的传播比较均匀,而靠近通带边界频率的波衰减很快。

     

    Abstract: In the gyroscopic phononic crystal, the gyroscopic structure breaks the time-reversal symmetry by applying a constant torque, analogous to the quantum spin Hall effect, thus endowing the structure with chiral characteristics and enabling it to possess new wave characteristics. The dispersion and wave characteristics of twisted waves in triangular gyroscopic phononic crystals based on a triangular discrete structure is proposed and studied in this paper. The dynamic equations at the nodes are established using the angular momentum theorem, and the dispersion relationship between the angular frequency and wave vector is derived using the Bloch theorem. The transmission coefficient of the finite structure is calculated numerically and the dispersion relationship is verified. The results show that the existence of the gyroscopic torque causes the dispersion surface to gradually separate as the torque parameter increases, and two dispersion surfaces appear with a bandgap. The group velocity, phase velocity, and wave propagation diagram are analyzed for the triangular gyroscopic phononic crystal which shows that combining the group velocity and phase velocity can provide a good prediction of wave propagation in actual structures. And the wave propagation diagram shows that the lower dispersion surface has a more concentrated propagation pattern along the X-type direction, while the upper dispersion surface propagates more evenly in all directions, and the waves near the bandgap frequency decay rapidly. The research results provide theoretical support for precise control of wave characteristics of phononic crystals, and this structure can also be used for dynamic control of the bandgap frequency range.

     

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