Abstract: To address the challenge of active control for the low-order mode buffeting response of the vertical tail model while considering parameter perturbations in practical engineering, a control strategy combining robust control and the FxLMS algorithm based on online identification technology is proposed. The robust controller is designed to provide feedback secondary path damping compensation, and a simultaneous equation method is employed for the online modeling of the damping-compensated secondary channel. Based on the macro-fiber composite (MFC) actuator, a piezoelectric active control system for the vertical tail buffeting suppression is developed. Numerical simulations and ground tests are performed to examine the effectiveness of the active control system under parameter perturbations. The results demonstrate that the proposed control algorithm based on online identification technology effectively overcomes control divergence caused by system parameter perturbations and significantly broadens the effective operational range of the control algorithm. In ground tests, the RMS value of the controlled vertical tail buffeting response is reduced by 40.6% to 41.4% compared to the uncontrolled response, verifying the effectiveness and reliability of the algorithm in practical engineering applications.