RC桥墩梁桁组合模型及在曲线桥梁地震响应分析中应用

Combined beam-truss model of RC pier and its application in seismic response analysis of curved bridge

  • 摘要: 非规则桥梁(如曲线桥、斜交桥等)钢筋混凝土(RC)桥墩在地震作用下损伤破坏严重,主要是RC桥墩受到压弯剪扭复合作用,导致其抗震性能下降,但是现有RC中高桥墩(剪跨比大于3)分析模型(如纤维模型、剪切纤维模型等)没有考虑压弯扭耦合效应,导致不能精确地模拟非规则桥梁RC桥墩损伤破坏和预测桥梁结构的地震响应。本文基于集中塑性铰模型和理想桁架模型,开展了RC桥墩抗弯和抗扭性能分析,推导了扭弯比与桥墩抗扭强度关系公式,建立考虑弯扭耦合的梁桁组合模型并在OpenSees程序中实现。建立的梁桁组合模型能够很好地模拟RC桥墩复合作用下的抗弯、抗扭强度退化现象,与试验结果吻合较好。双向地震作用下曲线梁桥地震反应结果表明,梁桁组合模型的水平剪力和扭矩小于纤维模型,且梁桁组合模型更易发生扭转塑性变形,产生较大的残余扭转角。采用普通纤维模型一定程度上过高评估了曲线梁桥中RC桥墩抗震性能。

     

    Abstract: The seismic damage and failure mechanisms of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge piers in irregular bridges, such as curved bridges and skew bridges, are severe under seismic actions. This is primarily because RC piers subjected to combined compression, bending, shear, and torsion effects experience a significant degradation in their seismic performance. However, existing analysis models (e.g., fiber models and shear-lag models) for medium-to-high RC bridge piers (shear span ratios greater than 3) do not take into account the coupled effects of axial compression, bending, and torsion, leading to inaccuracies in simulating the damage mechanisms and predicting seismic responses of irregular bridge systems. In this study, based on the concentrated plastic hinge model and ideal truss model, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on the flexural and torsional behaviors of RC bridge piers. A new formula relating the torsion-to-bending ratio to the torsional strength of the pier was derived. Subsequently, a combined beam-truss model incorporating coupled bending-torsion effects was developed and implemented in the OpenSees platform. The proposed combined beam-truss model demonstrates good capability in simulating the degradation of flexural and torsional strengths under combined loading effects, showing satisfactory agreement with experimental results. Seismic response analyses under bidirectional excitations reveal that the combined beam-truss model predicts lower horizontal shear forces and torsion compared to conventional fiber models. Moreover, the combined beam-truss model exhibits a higher tendency towards torsional plastic deformation and generates larger residual torsional angles. The use of conventional fiber models overestimates the seismic performance of RC bridge piers in curved bridges to some extent.

     

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