Abstract: At present, the research of asphalt concrete core dam under near-fault ground motion is mostly carried out under the condition of single SV and P wave oblique incidence. In fact, the assumption of single wave oblique incidence is not comprehensive, and the near-fault ground motion should be considered as the case of combined P wave and SV wave oblique incidence. In this paper, the oblique incidence time history of SV wave and P wave in the site was determined based on ground motion inversion, and the deformation and damage of the core wall dam were obtained under the oblique incidence of SV and P wave combination near the fault, and the change law of the damage of the dam body with the horizontal and vertical ground motion intensity index was analyzed. The results show that the ultimate failure probability caused by the vertical near-fault ground motion index is obviously different from that caused by the horizontal direction. When the horizontal ground motion intensity indicators near the fault are selected as S_a(T₁)₁, S_v(T₁)₁, VSI₁ and S_d(T₁)₁, and the vertical ground motion intensity indicators are selected as PGA₂, S_a(T₁)₂, VSI₂ and S_d(T₁)₂, the predicted failure probability of the dam body is moderate. The combined damage analysis method of horizontal and vertical ground motion should be considered when analyzing the vulnerability of core wall dam under near-fault ground motion.